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LITERATURA INGLESA I RAV1 – Content Revision Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I Class content: Shakespeare´ s life and the society. Shakespearean themes. Shakespearean themes through time. Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I OBJECT ARTISTIC NATURE ARTIST REALITY SUBJECTIVITY Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I Literature represents a language or a people: culture and tradition. But, literature is more important than just a historical or cultural artifact. Literature introduces us to new worlds of experience. We learn about books and literature; we enjoy the comedies and the tragedies of poems, stories, and plays; and we may even grow and evolve through our literary journey with books. Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I How to Read Literature? Answer: Critically!!!! What is critical reading of literature? Critical reading of literature means a responsible act for academic or professional purposes. Critical reading of literature is not reading it just for pleasure. Critical reading of literature usually means that in addition to understanding and enjoying the material in your hands, you are interacting with it so that you can extract what is behind the words and sentences. Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I The Celts in Britain Mythology Complex cultural expressions Political strength Literature Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I THE CHILDREN OF LIR Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I What is Beowulf? Beowulf is the longest epic poem in Old English, the language spoken in Anglo-Saxon England before the Norman Conquest. More than 3,000 lines long, Beowulf relates the exploits of its eponymous hero, and his successive battles with a monster, named Grendel, with Grendel’s revengeful mother, and with a dragon which was guarding a hoard of treasure. Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I The Beowulf – Themes: Good vs Evil Identity Strengh and Skill Wealth Religion Courage Mortality The Supernatural Tradition and Customs Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I SYMBOLS, IMAGES AND ALLEGORIES The Sea, the Mere, and Water Imagery Heorot Hall, Mead-Halls Swords Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I THE BEOWULF Customs Habits Values Ideology History Geography… Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I THE SEAFARER Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I over the whale’s realm, the surfaces of the earth; comes again to me ravenous and greedy; the solitary flier calls out, incites irresistibly the heart onto the whale-way, over the waters of the sea. For hotter to me are the joys of the Lord than this dead life, transitory on land. I do not believe that earthly riches endure eternally for him. Ever one of three things becomes an occasion for uncertainty for each of the retainers before his last day: ---------------------------------------------------------- Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I by good deeds on earth against the enmity of fiends, by brave deeds against the devil, that the children of men may extol him afterwards, and his praise may live afterwards with the angels, always to eternity, the glory of life eternal, --------------------------------------------------------------- gold cannot be a help to the soul which is full of sin, before the terror of God when he hides it formerly while he lives here. The terrible power of the Measurer will be great, before which the earth will turn aside; He established the rocky foundations, Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I Fate is stronger, The Measurer mightier, than the conception of any man. Let us think where we have a home, and then consider how we may come thither; and then also we may endeavour, so that we might go to that eternal blessedness, where life is inseparable from the love of the Lord, bliss in the heaevens. Let there be thanks to God, the Lord of Glory, that He has honoured us, true Lord, for all time. Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I THE FATHER OF ENGLISH LITERATURE Geoffrey Chaucer (1340/1345 – 1400) Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I In April, with the beginning of spring, people of varying social classes come from all over England to gather at the Tabard Inn in preparation for a pilgrimage to Canterbury to receive the blessings of St. Thomas à Becket, the English martyr. Chaucer himself is one of the pilgrims. That evening, the Host of the Tabard Inn suggests that each member of the group tell tales on the way to and from Canterbury in order to make the time pass more pleasantly. The person who tells the best story will be awarded an elegant dinner at the end of the trip. The Host decides to accompany the party on its pilgrimage and appoints himself as the judge of the best tale. Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I The Knight, The Wife of Bath, The Pardoner, The Miller, The Prioress, The Friar, The Summoner, The Host, The Parson, The Squire, The Clerk, The Man of Law, The Manciple, The Merchant, The Shipman, The Physician, The Franklin, The Reeve, The Plowman, The Guildsmen, The Cook, The Yeoman, Nuns, The Priest Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I THEMES Life contemplation - representation of medieval society, courtly romance, Fabliaux, tragedy, exemplum, chivalry, religion, and agricultural labor. Comedy – irony, satire. Portrait of medieval society. Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I SIR THOMAS MALORY (1414/1420 - 1471) Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I The legend of King Arthur and the knights of the Round Table is the most powerful and enduring in the western world. King Arthur and the other characters have not been proved, but their names conjure up a romantic image of gallant knights in shining armour, elegant ladies in medieval castles, heroic quests for the Holy Grail in a world of honour and romance, the court of Camelot - a royal and mystical Britain Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I The Arthurian legend has existed for over a thousand years and is just as compelling today as it was in the faraway days of its early creators - Geoffrey of Monmouth, Robert de Boron, Chrétien de Troyes, and most majestically: Sir Thomas Malory in his epic work, Le Morte d'Arthur. Countless artists, have been inspired by these legends. Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I WHO WAS SHAKESPEARE AFTER ALL? Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I The Elizabethan Age Shakespeare lived during a remarkable period of English history, a time of relative political stability that followed and preceded eras of extensive upheaval. Elizabeth I became the Queen of England in 1558, six years before Shakespeare's birth. During her 45-year reign, London became a cultural and commercial center where learning and literature thrived. Tema da Apresentação Shakespeare: life and work LITERATURA INGLESA I GOOD LUCK!!!!! Tema da Apresentação